Increasing dietary calcium intake later in life does not lower the risk of osteoporosis or fractures in older women, according to a new study published in the British Medical Journal.
Researcher at Uppsala University conducted a longitudinal and prospective cohort study, based on the Swedish Mammography Cohort, including a subcohort, the Swedish Mammography Cohort Clinical conducted in 1987. The study involved 61,433 women born between 1914 and 1948; 5,022 of them took part in a smaller sub-research group. All were followed for 19 years.
During follow-up, 14,738 women (24 percent) experienced a first fracture of any type and among them 3,871 (6 percent) a first hip fracture. Of the 5,022 women in the subcohort, 1,012 (20 percent) were diagnosed with osteoporosis.
The researchers used food-frequency questionnaires to determine participants’ calcium intake and use of multivitamins and supplements. They also examined other factors, including menopausal status, post-menopausal estrogen therapy status, BMI, smoking status, physical activity and educational levels.
Women who consumed approximately 750mg of calcium per day had the lowest risk of fracture. The highest quintile of calcium intake did not further reduce the risk of fractures of any type, or of osteoporosis, but was associated with a higher rate of hip fracture.
Sources:
British Medical Journal: Dietary calcium intake and risk of fracture and osteoporosis: prospective longitudinal cohort study
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